Which ethical theory most closely aligns with actions taken during triage in a mass casualty event?

Utilitarianism is the ethical theory that focuses on maximizing overall happiness and minimizing suffering for the greatest number of people. During triage in a mass casualty event, this principle is crucial because the primary objective is to allocate limited medical resources effectively in order to save the most lives possible. When emergency responders assess patients, they must prioritize those whose injuries are most treatable and who have the greatest chance of survival, thereby benefiting the overall population affected by the disaster.

In such scenarios, decisions are often made based on the potential outcomes for the majority rather than on individual preferences or circumstances. This approach illustrates how utilitarianism guides healthcare providers to make choices that result in the best possible balance of benefits over harms, thereby promoting the welfare of the community in a crisis situation.

This framework is especially relevant in mass casualty incidents, where resources may not be sufficient to treat every victim immediately. Adopting a utilitarian approach can facilitate an ethical and pragmatic response to emergencies, ensuring a focus on maximizing the number of survivors and the overall effectiveness of the rescue efforts.